Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen, Duchess, and Mother of Rebels
Great Rebellion 1173-4, Angevin Empire, Plantagenets Rachel Elwiss Joyce Great Rebellion 1173-4, Angevin Empire, Plantagenets Rachel Elwiss Joyce

Eleanor of Aquitaine: Queen, Duchess, and Mother of Rebels

When their sons grew to manhood, Eleanor encouraged them to demand their inheritance. Henry the Young King, Richard, and Geoffrey wanted lands to rule; Henry II refused. In 1173, when the princes fled to France, Eleanor supported them. Chroniclers later claimed she disguised herself as a man to join them—an image that has haunted legend ever since.

Her rebellion failed. Henry II’s forces captured her later that year while she travelled through Poitou. For the next sixteen years she was kept under guard, a queen turned prisoner. Yet even captivity could not erase her influence: her sons would continue to fight in her name.

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Henry II of England – The Jailer of Queens
Medieval Misogyny, Medieval Villains, Great Rebellion 1173-4 Rachel Elwiss Joyce Medieval Misogyny, Medieval Villains, Great Rebellion 1173-4 Rachel Elwiss Joyce

Henry II of England – The Jailer of Queens

When Henry of Anjou (later Henry II, also known as Henry Plantagenet) married Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1152, they created a political alliance of breath taking scale. Henry was heir to the English throne; Eleanor, just divorced from King Louis VII of France, brought with her the duchy of Aquitaine, one of the wealthiest and most independent regions in Europe.

For a time, their marriage was a true partnership. Eleanor rode beside Henry on campaign, governed Aquitaine in his name, and bore him eight children. Together, they forged the Angevin Empire stretching from the Scottish borders to the Pyrenees.

But power and passion soured into mistrust. By the 1170s, the marriage had collapsed into open hostility.

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